Wei Wei, Dean of Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute, introduced hydrogen production, storage, transportation and fuel cell heavy trucks from five aspects: hydrogen energy's national strategy, hydrogen energy infrastructure, on-board hydrogen storage technology, technology development direction, and business promotion model . She believes that the development of hydrogen energy is of great significance to ensuring national energy security and stability. Our country's energy consumption is large and its dependence on foreign countries is high. It is necessary and feasible to use renewable energy instead of imported oil and gas to ensure national energy security. The backwardness of energy storage technology hinders the improvement of the utilization rate of renewable energy.
In terms of hydrogen energy infrastructure construction, she believes that due to the similarity in performance and the entire industrial chain, hydrogen energy can be compared to the development path of the natural gas industry. Pipelines and cryogenic liquefaction are the mainstream storage and transportation methods for natural gas and hydrogen energy, and they are also the two lowest-cost hydrogen energy storage and transportation methods. In terms of cost, the advantage of liquid hydrogen is that it can reduce fuel costs on a large scale and reduce refueling time, so it is more suitable for large vehicles. In terms of hydrogen refueling station construction, it is recommended to develop hydrogen energy infrastructure on the existing oil and gas infrastructure, that is, a joint construction station for refueling/gas refueling hydrogen refueling stations.
Due to the high requirements for vehicle space, efficiency, mass production, contact with personnel and power, the pure hydrogen route of physical hydrogen storage is easier to realize industrialization in vehicle hydrogen storage. The 70MPa four-type bottle vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen bottle is a key breakthrough technology in the future.
In terms of technology development and business promotion model, she believes that fuel cell heavy trucks are an important application direction for China's future development of on-board hydrogen storage technology. In the future, hydrogen production from renewable energy should be the main focus, and hydrogen production from industrial by-products can be used as a transition. Compared with electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have a longer mileage and shorter refueling time, which has advantages in solving intercity logistics.
First, he gave a basic introduction to the hydrogen energy industry chain, including upstream hydrogen production, midstream storage and transportation, and downstream applications. Energy consumption, efficiency, safety and other issues were elaborated in detail.
He believes that internationally, high-pressure gas hydrogen and liquid hydrogen are relatively mature storage and transportation technologies for commercial use; in China, high-pressure gas hydrogen is the main method, while liquid hydrogen is in its infancy. In terms of pipeline transportation, due to the high cost of secondary energy conversion of hydrogen energy and the immature technology of transportation pipeline materials, the current long-distance pipeline transportation is not suitable for hydrogen. In terms of liquid hydrogen storage and transportation, large-scale reforming of LNG to produce hydrogen and hydrogen liquefaction, coupled with CCS, has certain development potential in the future; however, liquid hydrogen has technical problems such as high requirements on tanks and cannot be transported for a long time. Insufficient and large-scale application. In terms of LOHC, because it has the advantages of directly utilizing the existing transportation system and reusing hydrogen storage carriers such as toluene, thereby effectively reducing hydrogen storage and transportation costs and investment, it will become a large-scale, long-distance storage of hydrogen. Feasible path for the commercial development of transport. In terms of high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation, the factors that restrict its application to hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicles in my country are mainly technology and price. Only four and five types of cylinders can meet the requirements of passenger vehicles for space and mileage. Mainly use three types of cylinders to store hydrogen; and hydrogen energy has no advantage in cost compared with traditional fuels. Generally speaking, in terms of storage and transportation, he believes that long-tube trailers are the main storage and transportation method in the early stage of hydrogen energy market development in our country. In the market growth period, compared with the high-pressure gas hydrogen method, liquid hydrogen can provide a large amount of hydrogen supply, which can meet the rising demand of the market; pipeline transportation is suitable for large-scale and high-demand scenarios, and is suitable for strategic layout.
Finally, he introduced the layout, construction standards and existing development bottlenecks of hydrogen refueling stations in my country. He believes that the current hydrogen refueling stations mainly operate in conjunction with the most mature high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation methods, but due to the existing technology of hydrogen refueling station compressors Bottleneck, resulting in low output efficiency. At the same time, since the core equipment of hydrogen refueling stations, such as compressors and cutting-edge technologies and products of hydrogen refueling machines, have been imported, the current investment cost of hydrogen refueling stations is extremely high, which is not conducive to development.
According to the technical sharing of the speaker, the participating experts had a heated discussion on the current application status and prospects of hydrogen energy storage, transportation and hydrogenation technology in my country. Experts agree that the future development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles should focus on the use of heavy trucks and focus on breaking through the cost of hydrogen.
